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http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1806-1050Roisin Bavalia1, Milou A M Stals2, Frits I Mulder1,
Ingrid M Bistervels1,3, Michiel Coppens1, Laura M Faber4, Stephan V Hendriks2,5, Herman M A Hofstee6,
Menno V Huisman2, Tom van der Hulle2, Albert T A Mairuhu5, Marieke J H A Kruip7, Saskia Middeldorp1,8,
Frederikus A Klok2, Barbara A Hutten9, Frits Holleman10 Correspondence to Dr Frits Holleman, Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands; f.holleman@amsterdamumc.nl
Abstract![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20139%2052'%3E%3C/svg%3E)
Background The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) and the simplified PESI (sPESI) are validated scores for mortality prediction in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). National Early Warning Score (NEWS) is a general prognostic risk score for multiple clinical settings. We investigated whether the NEWS had a comparable performance with the PESI and sPESI, for predicting intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death in patients with acute PE.
Methods In haemodynamically stable patients with confirmed PE from the YEARS Study (2013–2015), we evaluated the performance of the NEWS, PESI and sPESI for predicting 7-day ICU admission and 30-day mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.
Results Of 352 patients, 12 (3.4%) were admitted to the ICU and 5 (1.4%) died. The AUC of the NEWS for ICU admission was 0.80 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.94) and 0.92 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.00) for 30-day mortality. At a threshold of 3 points, NEWS yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 53% for ICU admission and 100% and 52% for 30-day mortality. The AUC of the PESI was 0.64 (95% CI 0.48 to 0.79) for ICU admission and 0.94 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.00) for mortality. At a threshold of 66 points, PESI yielded a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 38% for ICU admission. For mortality, these were 100% and 37%, respectively. The performance of the sPESI was similar to that of PESI.
Conclusion In comparison with PESI and sPESI, NEWS adequately predicted 7-day ICU admission as well as 30-day mortality, supporting its potential relevance for clinical practice.
Data availability statement
All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplemental information.