H. Pendell Meyers MD , Alexander Bracey MD , Daniel Lee MD , Andrew Lichtenheld MD , Wei J. Li MD
, Daniel D. Singer MD , Jesse A. Kane MD , Kenneth W. Dodd MD , Kristen E. Meyers MEng
, Henry C. Thode PhD , Gautam R. Shroff MD, MBBS, FACC , Adam J. Singer MD and Stephen W. Smith MD
Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2021-03-01, Volume 60, Issue 3, Pages 273-284, Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Abstract
Background
The current ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) vs. non-STEMI (NSTEMI) paradigm prevents some NSTEMI patients with acute coronary occlusion from receiving emergent reperfusion, in spite of their known increased mortality compared with NSTEMI without occlusion. We have proposed a new paradigm known as occlusion MI vs. nonocclusion MI (OMI vs. NOMI).
Objective
We aimed to compare the two paradigms within a single population. We hypothesized that STEMI(–) OMI would have characteristics similar to STEMI(+) OMI but longer time to catheterization.
Methods
We performed a retrospective review of a prospectively collected acute coronary syndrome population. OMI was defined as an acute culprit and either TIMI 0–2 flow or TIMI 3 flow plus peak troponin T > 1.0 ng/mL. We collected electrocardiograms, demographic characteristics, laboratory results, angiographic data, and outcomes.
Results
Among 467 patients, there were 108 OMIs, with only 60% (67 of 108) meeting STEMI criteria. Median peak troponin T for the STEMI(+) OMI, STEMI(–) OMI, and no occlusion groups were 3.78 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.18–7.63), 1.87 (IQR 1.12–5.48), and 0.00 (IQR 0.00–0.08). Median time from arrival to catheterization was 41 min (IQR 23–86 min) for STEMI(+) OMI compared with 437 min (IQR 85–1590 min) for STEMI(–) OMI ( p < 0.001). STEMI(+) OMI was more likely than STEMI(–) OMI to undergo catheterization within 90 min (76% vs. 28%; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
STEMI(–) OMI patients had significant delays to catheterization but adverse outcomes more similar to STEMI(+) OMI than those with no occlusion. These data support the OMI/NOMI paradigm and the importance of further research into emergent reperfusion for STEMI(–) OMI.
